Influence of labour migration on economic and social situation of households and family relations (on an example of migrants from Tajikistan)

Sergey V. Ryazantsev, Russian Academy of Sciences
Elena E. Pismennaya, Russian Academy of Sciences
Roman Manshin, Russian Academy of Sciences
Alexander A. Grebenyuk, Moscow Psychology-Social University
Ekaterina A. Borisova, Moscow Psychology-Social University

Tajikistan is one of the basic countries which send for work in Russia labor migrants. About 400 thousand Tajik labor migrants legally work in Russia. Undocumented a component of labour migration is large. Labour migration forms about 40% of GNP of Tajikistan. Influence of labor migration at micro level is great. Research has been spent in Tajikistan and Moscow. The statistics is collected, sociological poll is spent, “deep” interviews are taken from migrants and their families. Dynamics and structure of remittances from Russia to Tajikistan is analyzed. Features of formation of the budget of migrants in Moscow and households in Tajikistan, the basic items of expenses, forms of current consumption and savings, investments into business are considered. Influence of labor migration on family relations is investigated; the phenomenon of “guest” (“parallel”) marriages which the Tajik migrants in Moscow have is analyzed. Influence of migration on birth rate indicators in Tajikistan is considered. Recommendations are developed for the migratory policy on regulation labor migration. Also the idea of necessity of stimulation of employment of the population in Tajikistan for migration reduction, including by stimulation of investments of remittances of labor migrants in small-scale business is proved.